Comparison and Contrast
Chapter 13
In this chapter, four writers use compare and contrast organization. Comparing and Contrasting is a writing and thinking strategy. Compare and contrast essays are the other big essay types in academic writing. These essays will follow a specific question and are fairly easy to complete. There are several ways to write this type of essay. The most important thing to remember is structure. Many wonderful essays fall victim to the woes of bad structure, making any ingenuity to fall by the wayside.
You probably use comparison all the time. Maybe you want to buy some candy, so you go to the store and look at all of the candy that is available
You can't buy all the candy, so you have to narrow down your choices you compare and contrast the different kinds of candy so that you can make your decision.
In comparison and contrast, transition words tell a reader that the writer is changing from talking about one item to the other.
Transitional words and phrases help make a paper smoother and more coherent by showing the reader the connections between the ideas that are being presented.
Thursday, December 17, 2009
Chapter 12 Cause and Effect
Cause and Effect
Chapter 12
Chapter 12 describes the steps taken to write a cause and Effect paper. Before you begin writing or even researching, make a list of all the causes of this event you already know about. Ask questions like these: Why did this happen? What preconditions existed? Were the results foreseen? Could they have been foreseen? Then do some preliminary research, using what you already know to guide the direction of your reading. Change or add to your original list of causes to reflect new information gathered from your research. Done in depth, this kind of analysis is likely to uncover an almost unlimited chain of linked causes, far more than you can effectively address in one paper. Identify one to three of them as more important (or interesting, or overlooked) than the others. Then, acknowledging that multiple causes exist, limit your discussion to those most important.
The following example names the cause first, followed by the effect:
Because the technology program received independent funding from grants and federal Title I funds, it was relatively untouched by the school district's own budget cuts.
Chapter 12
Chapter 12 describes the steps taken to write a cause and Effect paper. Before you begin writing or even researching, make a list of all the causes of this event you already know about. Ask questions like these: Why did this happen? What preconditions existed? Were the results foreseen? Could they have been foreseen? Then do some preliminary research, using what you already know to guide the direction of your reading. Change or add to your original list of causes to reflect new information gathered from your research. Done in depth, this kind of analysis is likely to uncover an almost unlimited chain of linked causes, far more than you can effectively address in one paper. Identify one to three of them as more important (or interesting, or overlooked) than the others. Then, acknowledging that multiple causes exist, limit your discussion to those most important.
The following example names the cause first, followed by the effect:
Because the technology program received independent funding from grants and federal Title I funds, it was relatively untouched by the school district's own budget cuts.
Chapter 11 Description and Reflection
Description and Reflection
Chapter 11
Writing a descriptive essay requires a strong accent on the observation and the descriptions provided by the author. The facts in this type of essay can be just the background of the vivid experiences presented by the writer. It is crucial to focus strictly on the subject of description. It can be: A certain experience, a special memory, an interesting place, one person, a thing/object.
The identification of the focus of a descriptive essay should be based on the personally perceived experiences. The author basically describes what he observes and perceives. The main message is the reason the author wants to share this experience with the reader. A descriptive essay is to make the reader believe as if he has seen and experienced something on his own.
A standard descriptive essays outline is concentrated on the senses and based on the delivery of the author’s experience through the following means: taste, smell, sight, sound and touch.
Chapter 11
Writing a descriptive essay requires a strong accent on the observation and the descriptions provided by the author. The facts in this type of essay can be just the background of the vivid experiences presented by the writer. It is crucial to focus strictly on the subject of description. It can be: A certain experience, a special memory, an interesting place, one person, a thing/object.
The identification of the focus of a descriptive essay should be based on the personally perceived experiences. The author basically describes what he observes and perceives. The main message is the reason the author wants to share this experience with the reader. A descriptive essay is to make the reader believe as if he has seen and experienced something on his own.
A standard descriptive essays outline is concentrated on the senses and based on the delivery of the author’s experience through the following means: taste, smell, sight, sound and touch.
Chapter 9 Forms of College Writing
Forms of College Writing
Chapter 9
Chapter 9 describes the three divisions into which most college curricula are divided, and the academic departments that constitute each division. The chapter then presents more specific information about academic departments, including the topics students study, the forms of writing teachers assign, and the traits of those forms. The three curricular divisions are Humanities, Social Sciences, and Natural and Applied Sciences, these groups are then subdivided into specific departments, such as biology, chemistry, and physics.
Chapter 9
Chapter 9 describes the three divisions into which most college curricula are divided, and the academic departments that constitute each division. The chapter then presents more specific information about academic departments, including the topics students study, the forms of writing teachers assign, and the traits of those forms. The three curricular divisions are Humanities, Social Sciences, and Natural and Applied Sciences, these groups are then subdivided into specific departments, such as biology, chemistry, and physics.
Chapter 8 The Writers Process
The Writer’s Process
Chapter 8
This chapter describes how student Writer Angela Franco followed the writing process outlined in chapters 2-7. First, she thinks through the assignment’s purpose, audience, form, and assessment method, next she reviewed her assignment and narrowed its focus by clustering and free writing. With a focus selected, Angel selected the best organizational pattern for her writing. After finishing the first draft, Angela was ready to revise.
The next step would be to make a second revision followed by proofreading and formatting her essay.
Chapter 8
This chapter describes how student Writer Angela Franco followed the writing process outlined in chapters 2-7. First, she thinks through the assignment’s purpose, audience, form, and assessment method, next she reviewed her assignment and narrowed its focus by clustering and free writing. With a focus selected, Angel selected the best organizational pattern for her writing. After finishing the first draft, Angela was ready to revise.
The next step would be to make a second revision followed by proofreading and formatting her essay.
Chapter 7 Submitting Writting and creating portfolios
Submitting Writing and Creating Portfolios
Chapter 7
This chapter will help in preparing to write for any audience or publication. Submitting a final paper is the key to writing, you must first, consider your potential audience, Share your writing with peers or family members, and then select the appropriate submission method such as, paper submission or electronic submission.
Creating a work portfolio is one of the most important things you as a working professional can do. There are two basic types of writing portfolios: the first is a working portfolio in which you store documents at various stages of development, and the second is a showcase portfolio with which you share appropriate finished work.
Chapter 7
This chapter will help in preparing to write for any audience or publication. Submitting a final paper is the key to writing, you must first, consider your potential audience, Share your writing with peers or family members, and then select the appropriate submission method such as, paper submission or electronic submission.
Creating a work portfolio is one of the most important things you as a working professional can do. There are two basic types of writing portfolios: the first is a working portfolio in which you store documents at various stages of development, and the second is a showcase portfolio with which you share appropriate finished work.
chapter 6 editing and proofreading
Editing and Proofreading Strategies
Chapter 6
Editing and proofreading are writing processes different from revising. Editing can involve extensive rewriting of sentences, but it usually focuses on sentences or even smaller elements of the text. Proofreading is the very last step writers go through to be sure that the text is presentable. Proofreading generally involves only minor changes in spelling and punctuation.
Editing consists of all of the following, Always think about your target audience, start with sentences, consider words, check grammatical details, punctuation and spelling.
Proofreading is the very last step in preparing a final draft. You should first start with problem areas, read from the end to the beginning and check for typos. Sometimes it takes two or more additional "passes" through a paper to be sure you've found all the remaining typographical errors, misplaced pieces of punctuation, or inaccurate words.
Chapter 6
Editing and proofreading are writing processes different from revising. Editing can involve extensive rewriting of sentences, but it usually focuses on sentences or even smaller elements of the text. Proofreading is the very last step writers go through to be sure that the text is presentable. Proofreading generally involves only minor changes in spelling and punctuation.
Editing consists of all of the following, Always think about your target audience, start with sentences, consider words, check grammatical details, punctuation and spelling.
Proofreading is the very last step in preparing a final draft. You should first start with problem areas, read from the end to the beginning and check for typos. Sometimes it takes two or more additional "passes" through a paper to be sure you've found all the remaining typographical errors, misplaced pieces of punctuation, or inaccurate words.
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